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Glossaire maths GMAT : français → anglais
Apprenez le vocabulaire qui change la lecture d’un problème. Les exemples ci-dessous sont originaux, pas des questions officielles.
| Français | English | Exemple original et réponse |
|---|---|---|
| Nombre entier | Integer | If n is an integer and 2n = 14, what is n? n = 7. |
| Nombre premier | Prime number | How many prime numbers are less than 10? 4: 2, 3, 5, 7. |
| Reste | Remainder | What is the remainder when 23 is divided by 5? 3, because 23 = 4 × 5 + 3. |
| Multiple | Multiple | What is the least positive multiple of both 6 and 8? 24. |
| Facteur / diviseur | Factor / divisor | How many positive factors does 12 have? 6: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12. |
| Moyenne arithmétique | Arithmetic mean | What is the mean of 4, 7 and 10? 7: (4 + 7 + 10) / 3. |
| Médiane | Median | What is the median of 2, 4, 9, 11 and 15? 9, the middle value. |
| Étendue | Range | What is the range of 3, 8 and 12? 9: 12 − 3. |
| Écart-type | Standard deviation | Which set has a larger standard deviation: {5,5,5} or {1,5,9}? {1,5,9}; the first set has no spread. |
| Probabilité | Probability | A fair die is rolled. What is the probability of an even result? 1/2: three favorable outcomes out of six. |
| Sans remise | Without replacement | A bag has 3 red and 2 blue balls. Two are drawn without replacement. Probability both are red? 3/5 × 2/4 = 3/10. |
| Combinaison | Combination | How many groups of 2 can be selected from 5 people? 10: 5! / (2! × 3!). Order does not matter. |
| Permutation | Permutation | How many ways can 3 distinct books be arranged? 6: 3! = 3 × 2 × 1. |
| Équation du second degré | Quadratic equation | If x² − 5x + 6 = 0, what are the possible values of x? 2 or 3: (x − 2)(x − 3) = 0. |
| Inégalité | Inequality | If −2x > 6, what must be true of x? x < −3; dividing by a negative reverses the sign. |
| Taux / vitesse | Rate | A car travels 150 km in 3 hours. What is its average speed? 50 km/h: distance / time. |
| Pourcentage d’augmentation | Percent increase | A price rises from 80 to 100. What is the percent increase? 25%: (100 − 80) / 80 × 100. |
| Suffisance des données | Data sufficiency | Is x positive? (1) x² = 9. (2) x > 0. Statement (2) alone is sufficient; (1) permits −3 and 3. |
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